Defended a major issuer of credit and debit cards against a class action of merchants claiming that its rule constituted a tie in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act as well as a monopolization of the alleged market for debit cards.

Defended a major issuer of credit and debit cards against a class action of merchants claiming that its rule requiring retailers who accepted any of its payment cards to accept all such cards constituted a tie in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act as well as a monopolization of the alleged market for debit cards.